Cite as:
Koenderink J J, van Doom A J, Kappers A M L, 1994, "On so-called paradoxical monocular stereoscopy" Perception 23(5) 583 – 594
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On so-called paradoxical monocular stereoscopy

Jan J Koenderink, Andrea J van Doom, Astrid M L Kappers

Received 17 June 1993, in revised form 19 November 1993

Abstract. Human observers are apparently well able to judge properties of 'three-dimensional objects' on the basis of flat pictures such as photographs of physical objects. They obtain this 'pictorial relief' without much conscious effort and with little interferance from the (flat) picture surface. Methods for 'magnifying' pictorial relief from single pictures include viewing instructions as well as a variety of monocular and binocular 'viewboxes'. Such devices are reputed to yield highly increased pictorial depth, though no methodologies for the objective verification of such claims exist. A binocular viewbox has been reconstructed and pictorial relief under monocular, 'synoptic', and natural bincular viewing is described. The results corroborate and go beyond early introspective reports and turn out to pose intriguing problems for modern research.

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